1. The Indus Basin 2. The Ganga Basin 3. The Brahmaputra Basin
The important river basins in India
1.
The Indus Basin:
(a) The source and the course:
The river Indus is one of the three big rivers that drain in the Northern Great
Plains. It has its source in the Kailash range that lies to the north of the
Manasarovar Lake. The river flows from its source in the northwesterly
direction and takes a turn to the south through the Ladakh range. The river
enters Pakistan through Kashmir. The river flows across the desert plains of
Sindh and finally drains into the Arabian Sea at Karachi.
(b) The Tributaries of Indus:
The Jhelum, the Chcnab, the Ravi, the Beas and the Sutlej arc the Eve important
tributaries of the river Indus. The Sutlej river has its source in the
Manasarovar region, all the other tributaries of the Indus rise in the glaciers
of the Himalayas.
2.
The Ganga Basin:
(c) The source and the course: The
river Ganga is the longest perennial river in India. The river is the longest
not only among the perennial rivers but among all the rivers that drain on the
Indian soil. The river has its source in a glacier called Gangotri. The river
empties itself in the Bay of Bengal in Bangladesh. Most of the Ganga delta lies
in Bangladesh.
The
Ganga Basin is thickly covered with alluvial sediments. The basin slopes gently
from Haryana. The river basin extends for over a length of 2480km and occupies
an area of about 3,37000 square kilometres. The basin covers the three northern
states, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal.
(d) Tributaries of the Ganga:
The Yamuna river is a major tributary of the Ganga. The major rivers the
Chambal, the Son, the Betwa and the Ken are the major tributaries of the Ganga,
which rise in the Deccan plateau and join the river Ganga on its right bank.
The Yamuna, the Ghandak, the Gomati, the Ghaghara and the Kosi are the
tributaries that have sources in the Himalayas, join the Ganga on her left
bank. The Hooghly river is the largest among the distributaries of the Ganga.
3. The Brahmaputra Basin:
(c) The source and the course: The
river Brahmaputra has its source in a glacier south-east of Manasarovar. It
then flows through deep gorges and enters into the low lands of Assam. The
river joins the lower course of the Ganga and then flows into the Bay of
Bengal. The river has very high velocity of water flow and frequently creates
floods along its course. The Brahmaputra valley slopes from east to west.
Geography of India : Tag: Geography of India : Geography of India - The important river basins in India